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In the post-democratization discourse of Middle Eastern Studies, Jordan and Morocco were referred to as a distinct subgroup among authoritarian regime types. Jordan and Morocco are called “civic-myth monarchies”, where the exist­ence of the state is based on historical and religious factors. The members of the ruling Hashemite dynasty in Jordan are direct descendants of the Prophet, while the royal family of Morocco the Alawites, has the same historical origins and Mohammed VI is also “amir al-mu’minin”. Jordan and Morocco have semi-rentier economies, where the rent comes from phosphate mining in the case of Mo­rocco and “dividend of peace” (foreign aid) in the case of Jordan. Both Jor­dan and Morocco have a recent political development of liberalizing and de-liberal­izing monarchies with a flourishing multi-party system and quasi-democratic elections.

Jordan and Morocco have not managed to escape the spill-over effect of Bouazizi’s self-immolation in Tunisia and the aftermath of the so-called Arab Spring. The author asks the question why the protests in the two civic-myth monarchies have not resulted in regime breakdown. Both countries have moved for­ward with political liberalization allowing constitutional reforms which included the relinquishment of the right of the kings to appoint the prime minister and dissolve the Parliament. The aim of the paper is to analyse in a com­parative way the factors which helped the regimes to calm down protesters.

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The-Interplay-of-Regime-Survival-Strategy-and-Political-Reform

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2014.08.12.